Car-truck.



H. W. BLAKE.

GAR TRUCK.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.24, 1911.

Patented Sept. 10, 1912.

LO38A81 a SHEETS-SHEET 1.

amwzmto'a Henry 512,5 Zaiie H. W. BLAKE,

GAR TRUCK. APPLICATION FILED'AUG.24, 1911.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented Sept. 10, 1912.

H. W. BLAKE.

(3M TRUCK.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 24, 1911.

Patented Sept. 10,1912.

8 SHEETS-SKEET 3.

H. W. BLAKE.

GAR TRUCK.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 24, 1911.

Patented Sept. 10, 1912.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Her-2r} [IX Blake H. W. BLAKE.

CAR TRUCK.

APPLICATION rmsn aumza, 1911.

Patented Sept. 10, 1912.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

81mm ffeniy 17 ,BZa/ie $7M MW Q,

1 W. BLAKE. GAR TRUCK.

APPLICATION PILEDYKU'G. 24, 1911.

Patented Sept. 16

9 a SHEETS-8HBBT 1.

MTED STATES "PATENT Prion can-raven.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 10,1912.

Application filed August 24, 1911. Serial No. 645,750.

useful Improvements in Car-Trucks, of

which the following is a specification.

-My lnventlon relates-toimprovements in car trucks, and has particular relation to the construction and relative arrangementof-the elements thereof to provide a mutuallv supported structure.

' The principal objects of my invention are 1) To'provide a structure in which theside frames, transom, and bolster are each'formed as unitary structures and havingcomplemental parts so arranged as to be held in assembled relation by keys.

('2) To provide a structure of this character in which the transom "and side frames nections being concealed. structure of this character In whlch the transom and side frames are removably conplane of the transom.

nected together, and separable only upon removal of the bolster. (l) To provide a structure of this character in which the transom is rem-ovabl-y connected to the sideframes, the latter being imperforate in the (5) To provide a structure of this character .which the bolster an'dtransom are removably connected together in a manner to permit relative movements, the connection being fixedly held. by the king-bolt. (6) To provide a structure of this character in which the side frame is in the form of a metallic beam having its inner face provided with a supporting member for the transom, said member projecting inwardly beyond the normal plane of the side frame to cause the transom, when connected to the side frame, to not'eXtend into the normal plane of the side frame beam. (7 To provide a structure of this character in which the side frames "and transom are removably connected together. the parts being complementally formed to permit a relative pivotal movement within a limited range. (8) To pro- '-vide a structure of this character in which the sideframe 1S provlded with an opening for the Jassage of a journal box, said openside frame surroundingthe opening. (9) lo provide a combined side frame and journal box structure in which a one-piece journal boa, having laterally extending flanges on Its opposite sides, is inserted through the side frame to cause the flanges to abut the web of the side frame, ,the flanges being out-turned at their opposite ends to provide suitable members secured to the frame for locking the flanges thereto. (10) To provide an integral, or one piece, side frame, journal box and supporting structure for the transom.

Other and further objects are to provide a structure of great strength and durability, which is readily assembled, which is simple and efficient in operation, and which is relatively of low cost'of manufacture.

To these and other ends, the nature of which will be readily understood as the invention is hereinafter disclosed, the said invention consists in the improved construction and combination of parts hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accom- "partying drawings, and particularly pointed out the appended. claims.

In the accompanying drawings, in which. similar reference characters indicate similar parts in each of the several views,Fig-

- ure 1, is a top 'plan view of a truck constructed in accordance with my invention, Fig. 2, 1s a bottom plan View of the same, Fig. 3, is

a side elevation of the same, Fig. 4, is a section taken centrally of the truck and longitudinally ofthe transom. Fig. 5, is a sectionalview taken on line 55 of Fig. 1., looking in theldirection of the arrow. Fig. 6, is an enlarged sectional view taken on the line 66 of Fig. 4. Fig. 7, is an enlarged sectional view taken on the line 7-7 of Fig. 4. Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken on the line 8 8 of Fig. 2. Fig. 9 is a bottom perspective view of my preferred form of bol ster. Fig. 10 is an inside perspective view of a side frame constructed in accordance. with my invention. Figs. 11 and 12 are sectional views of one type of journal box capa bio of use with my improved side frames sectional view taken through the ends of a l side frame and the journal box secured gthereto. Fig. is a sectional view taken tenant parts formed as an integral structure.

Fig. 18 is a perspective view of a one-piece transom. Fig. 19 1s a reverse vie-\v'of the transom of Fig. 18. Fig. 20 1s an inslde perspectix'e View disclosing the two-part detachable journal box applied to the integral side fram'e. Fig. 21 is a detail perspective View of the key or locking plate and the king bolt for engagement theretln'ough. Fig. 22 is a perspective view of one of the side frames inverted and carrying the detachable two piece journal box and support for the transom. Fig. 23is a perspective view of one of the integral side frames inverted. with its transom support, showing the one piece journal box and the reinforcement applied thereto.

The truck herein described consists of the side. frames, the wheels, the transom, keys locking the transom to the side frames, plugs holding the keys in the frames, a locking plate carried through the transom, the bolster engaging the plugs to hold the same in place and having relatively wide openings loosely receiving the locking plate, and the king-bolt passing through the bolster and the locking plate. movably connected togetherto permit of a ready separation of the parts, the construc tion and relative arrangement of the parts being new described.

The transom preferably comprises two spaced apart parallel flanged plates or channel bars 30, of a length substantially equal to the distance between the side frames, and of. 'a suitable width, said plates being secured together at their ends by suitable plates 31, extending across the flanges at the top and bottom of the bars30,-being secured to said flanges in suitable manner, as by bolts or rivets, the latter being preferred the space between the plates at each end be ing filled by a block 32, which acts as a spacing block for the channel bars or plates, and

I which is provided with an axial opening 33 to receive the projecting portion of the side frame presently described and which serves as a support for the transom when the parts are assembled. Each of the filling blocks is also provided with a radial recess 34:, 6X-

tending into the filling block from the opening 33, said recess being located intermediate the ends of the block and preferably at the bottom of the filling block, although it will be obvious that it may he provided at any other convenient points within the block, the

These elements are reparticular location described being preferred since it permits of ready nianipula tion of the key presently described through an opening formed in the lower tie-plate -31, which latter opening leads into the recess 34.

Secured to the under face of the bars 30 at p ii1ts adjacent the tie-plates '31, I secure supporting plates 36 on which the springs 37, for the bolster, are adapted to rest, said plate; '36 being preferably strengthened by ribs 36, as shown in Figs. 2, 3, 4: and 6. I also preferably reinforce the channel bars 30 byreinforcing plates 38 positioned on the ing 39, of suitable width. the openings of the two being opposite each other and having their walls reinforced by suitable reinforcing platestO secured to the outer faces of the webs of the bars 30. i

' The above described structure of transom provides a built-up construction of parts, and it is-to be understood that the several parts described will be properly connected together by bolts or rivets, the drawings indicating the points where such connections should be provided. However, it is to be understood that this transom structure may be formed as an integral structure, and I have shown in Figs. 18 and 19 a way in which such integral structure may bepr'ovided, it being understood that either type will fall Within the spirit and scope of the invention. It will also be understood that variations and modifications in the specific construction and arrangement of this bar.

may be found desirable and necessary in use, and I reserve the right to make such changes and modifications as may be found necessary tojcarry into effect-the invention herein disclosed.

The-side frames herein disclosed are so stantial duplicates, and hence a decription cial I-bea'm configuration in cross section,

andeach is provided with a journal box adjacent its ends, as presently described proximately midway of the length of the bar d1, I preferably secure to the inner face of the bar, a reinforcing structure 42, se

cured to the web and the flanges of the beamand preferably having a thickness substan: tially equal to the Width of-the flange, there; by providing an extended face'between the opposing flanges, of the beam and in .211)- iproximatel'y the plane of the edges of such flanges, said face being preferably of an area approximately the area of the end of the transom. and having-a contigunticn somewhat similar to the configuration of the end of the transom bar, the latter,; when the par 5'- are assembled, being in opposition to said face. The structure i2 is reduced at ts ends, at P and receives at such re duced portions rivet-spassing through the wehofthe side frame to hold the structure in position. .The reduced portions l2 aretheside frame all should it'be so desired. .Prolecting inwardly from theyface thestructure is-a .progeetion 4C3,f-preferablg,v

cylindrical in cross-seetiom and which is of a diameter to fitthe opening 33 of the bloclrl 32. the length of the projection beingsubstantially equal to the length of the opening 33, that when the parts are assembled, the free end of the projection will lie substantially flush with the inner face of the block The projection 43 preferably formed with a central longitudinal recess 4 also preferably cylindrical, thereby ca using the projection 43 to assume somewhat the character of a cylinder. through the wall of which. at a proper point. extends an opening 45 adapted to aline with and form a continuation of the recess ill of the filling block, the recess 34' being preferably of sli itly greater width'than'the openinglo, as shown in Fig. 8. i f

in connecting the transom and a side.

frame together, the projection 43 is introduced" into 'theopening 33 and when properly positioned, the key 46 is inserted through the longitudinal recess 44: and-into the angular openings 45 and 3st, respectively. the key 46 approximately fitting the recess and opening, with the'exception of the slight excess Width of the recess, the latter being "provided for the purpose of permitting a slight pivotal movement of the transom on the projectionfil to accommodate for irregularities in the road bed over which the track is adapted to travel, to prevent the truck from becoming sprung when oil the track and to distribute the weight equally on all four Wheels. T he key, when in proper position, rests within the cpeninge5, but

does notextend inward into the recess l-4-,'

the jlatter being adapted to be closed by removable plug at? 's il' stantially fitt n'ilgjtherecess 44 'andhaying its'inn'er end provided Bv this construe it will beseen that when the parts are assembled, separation of .46. the latter being ofa lengthsuflicie Fig. 17,

the side frame and transom byfwithdrawal. of the projection it? is preventedby the, key n to f! eliminate all liability a sl'earing action f .to' destroy the connection.(there being little or no liability of a vsl'iearing movement under the, relative pivotal movement of the tan som on the projection); and that the keyis locked in position by the plug 47 on the inside of the projection and the bottom tie plate 31 on the outer side of the filler block, thereby preventi w' any liability of theflkey passing, out of its proper position in the connection, the strnctm'e being such that the, key is entirely concealed and. incapable of a withdrawal nioveinent aslong-as thejplug I it? is in position. t v gThe bolster is preferablyof one-piece con struetion, as shownpmore pa-rtici'ilarly. in Fig. 9, being of skeleton formation for the purpose of lightness with the skeleton walls so arranged as to-provide fora maximum streiigth to the bolsten: Asshown, tliebolster, indicated at 48, has its side wallsof Q .ccnsiderable depth, and is provided centrally v with a block structure l9, which :acts'to: supn port'the side wall and at'thesametime pro vides a substantial structure through which the openii'ig 50 for the king-bolt Slextends;

Said block structure and the side \Yallsare formed with a laterally; extendingopening or channel 52 adapted to cooperate with'the elongated. openings 89 of the transom, said; opening 52', however, being of a greater-I; width than the'o iei'iingsi 32). to permit M1 the verticalmorement of theibolster when: the latter-is iii-position. The side walls of the bolster are preferably ofa length approxiinating the distance. between. the ()l)-; posing inner faces of the filling blocks 3; of the transom; and areccnnected at their ends by integral end platesbil. the latter being provided with a slot Cl having :l .width correspondingsubstantially with the \vidti f p of the angular extension of the plug rTias 110 shown in Fig. Tysfiid end plates "53 being adapted to strzuldle said projecting portion of the plug when the bolsteris in position.

As shown iii Fl 9. the bolster is provided 'with a recc s no on opposite sides ofihe center, the end plates-'52 forming the end" 'walls of the respective recess s; these re cesses are adapted to receive the springs 37 a shown in Fig. l. said springs forming the'support for the bolster on the transeni.,12o

*The bolster isprovided with projecting end iortions which are adapted to (werhangthe. e'nds'of the transom, as shown in Figs. 1. 2,

4;, and 5, the upper faces-of the bolster being provided, *tiCljEtCllt its:ends,-'w itli "the 'vsiial side bearings 56. I a

with a preferably angular projection, Sincethesprings 37 are housed-in the re shown inl ig. 7; i

co the bolster 18 an-aye be; depressed; "without "injuryto the sprin a the "latter cannot bulge laterally and be bent out of 136 protect the springs 37 by limiting the com-' pression of the springs when the truck is overloaded and the extensions retain the bolster 48 in position without straining the truck upon the breakage of a defective spring.

When the side frames and transom are connected together as heretofore pointed out, and the springs 37'placed in position on the supporting plates 36, the bolster is introduced into the space between the filling blocks 32, with the end plates 53 straddling the projections of the plugs 47, the bolster moving down into a position where the upper ends of the springs contact with the closed bottom wall of the recess WVhen in this position, the end plates 53'serve to prevent any longitudinal movement of the plugs 47. as will be readily understood from the disclosure of" Fig. 7, and .at the same time. the bolster is free to be pressed downwardly within the transom without afi'ecting any of tie connections of the transom and side frames \Vhen the bolster is in the position just referred to, a locking plate or key 57 is passed through the openings 39 and 52, as shown in Figs. 2, 4 and 6, thereby locking the bolster against removal, but, by reason of the greater width of the opening permitting a vertical movement of the bolster within the transom. The key 57 is provided with an opening 58 corresponding in size to the opening 50 for the king-bolt, said opening 58 being positioned within the key to causeit to aline with the opening 50 when the key is in proper position within the transom and bolster. Vhenin this position, the king bolt is passed through the openings 50 and thereby locking the plate or key 57 against withdrawal, and necessarily causing the entire structure to be fixedly held in position and substantially incapable of removal excepting upon removal of the kingbolt which is the first element which must be removed in order to permit the parts of the truck to be taken apart.

\Vhen it is desired to remove the wheels of the truck, the following operation is required: The king-bolt 51 is first removed,

' thereby freeing the key 57 from its locked condition; this plate or key is then removed,

permitting the bolster to be lifted out; the

removal of the bolsterpermits the plugs 47 to be removed, after which the :keys lfi-are removed by inserting a suitable implement through the openings 35 and pushing the keys46 into the interior of the projections 43, thereby leaving the side frames and transom free from connection and ready to be separated by a simple movement of the side frame to withdraw the projection from its opening in the filling block.

As heretofore pointed out, each side frame is provided, adjacent its ends, with a journal box structure, the web of the side frame being formed with an opening throughwhich the wheel axle extends. The journal box structure and its manner ofmounting disclosed in Figs. 10, 11 and 12 isthat which forms the subject matter of the patent granted to me April 18, 1911, Number -990,189, in which the journal box is formed in two parts or sections each of which is flanged, the flanges being secured to the side frame on opposite sides of the web. This particular type of journal box structure isadapted to beapplied to the side frame of the present application, as indicated in said figures, but I prefer to employ the journal box structure and mounting shown in Figs. 13 to 16, which structure I will now describe. The opening in the side frame, indicated as 59, is, with this particular type of journal box, of greater area than \the similar opening employed in connection with the journal box of Figs. 10, 11 and 12, the opening 59 being of a size to permit the passage thercthrough of the ournal box itself, which, in the present instance, is a one-piece structure, as shown in Figs. 11 and 15, the form of journal box capable of v application to the side frame of an I-beam construction, as disclosed in Fig. 13, is indicated at 60, being provided with laterally extending flanges 61 which are adapted to abut against one side of the web of the side frame and thus limit the movement of the ,journal box in one direction. To prevent movement of the box in the opposite direc- Itl) 0 tion (the direction of withdrawal) I turn the ends of the flanges 61 out to provide suitable integral members 62 which are securedto the flanges of the side frame, said members forming a stop against the return movement of the flanges 61in a direction to withdraw the journalbox. The members 62 are of suiiicient size to provide an eiiicient stop for this purpose, and are secured to the flanges of the side frame in suitable manner, as by bolts or rivets, the latter being preferred. For "the purpose of strengthening the web adjacent the jour-.

nal box, I provide a suitable reinforcement 63 on the opposite side of the web fromthat against whichjthe flanges 61 abut, the reinforcements 63 being formed in one part. In ,this particular form of mounting the journal box provides a web-strengthening structure similar to a reinforce onopposite sides of the web on each side of the journal box and insures a structure of strength suflicient to meet all conditions. This is especially true by reason of the fact that crews, but I preferably secure" th'enf to g'etherrby rivets, the drawings indicating the points where the coni'iecti'ons nude. li hile l-have shown and described the s fame andits"=jou1-nal box structure as built-up, itwill' bGTGitClllV understood that this may be in the form of an integral struc- This l 'i'npvhi chthe frame is shown as a one/- piece sti-iictureQf-"I desire it to be understood that eitlr'nr-"type may be provided and both are contemplated the invention.

- femivantages of this construction are beieved to apparent. The arrangement such provide an exceedingly i'i'c'tion 'of parts 111 which there an entire absence of bolt connections for :--.ernr1n;1 the several elements comprised in the truck make-up together, the only securing elementsbeing-the two kev structures,

l the particularlocking point for the kev 3T lions." botli-type being positively held against any possibility of derangement or hsa, d incapable of being manipulated "deliberately, and then only where s so positioned as to permit removal of the "hing-bolt, there being an absolute requirement that a sutlicient amount of movement be given the latter as will enable it to be raised a distance sntlicient he trip et-the key 5? beiore even up "red in disassembling the ca-ii be t al l urthermore, each of i l' partscomprised in the construcn of the filling block are complementally l thatio t part acts as a safe-guard p" rt to prevent tampering rid as heretofore pointed out." the-com'= ctions between the transom and side frames are entirely concealed. while a thin the transom. in a is o conc p on i'vhere protected against damage under service conditions.

uck is adap-tedfor use pped with the ordinary dy bolster but it is also :nf'connection with the imnd body bolster forming f my Patent No. 967,845, flicking-spin being discarded.

It. will. bef noted' that with this peculiar constructioma truck is produced which is capable of considerable flexibility whereby his improved dc. nec-l f ed hi 'er of 'wlli-cha eprovided with devices "atlapte fl to work l oose under service coachit accommodates itself to inequalities in the road bed, particularly in rounding curves where there is a tendency for the outer wheels of the truck to rise over the rail, and insures an equal distribution of the weight on all four wheels. This flexibility of the truck prevents the same from b'ein sprung when one end. or side of the true leaves the track, a circumstance not infrequent when used in connection with freight cars.

While Iliave herein shown and described the form of my invention which now appears to me to be the best embodiment thereof, service conditions and individual preference may necessitate changes and modifications therein to meet individual cases; and I reserve the right to make any and all such changes and modifications as may be found necessary or desirable in so far as they may fall within the spiritand scope of the invention as exemplified in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention What 1 I claim as new is:

1. A car truck comprising side frames, a transom, a bolster, all of said elements being removably connected together, and a king-bolt adapted to control the disconnection of all of the elements.

2. A-car truck comprising-side frames, a transom, a bolster, said side frames and said transom being removably connected together, and a king-bolt adapted, in normalposition, to lock said frames and transom against disconnection.

3. A car truck comprising side frames, a

transom, a bolstelgall of said elements; being removably connected together. and a kingbolt adapted, in normal position, to lock all of said elements against disconnection, an axial movement of the bolt in a direction to remove it rendering the elements free to be disconnected. v

4. In a car truck, a pair of interfit-ting elei'nents, a key engaging the elements to hold the same together, and a king-pin en-. gaging the key for locking the same in position.

5. In a car truck, a transom, a bolster fitting in the transom, a key engaging: through the transom and the bolster for holding; the same together, and a king-pin mounted in the transom and the bolster and passing through the key to lock the same. in position, said king-pin being held in position by gravity. 7

G. In a car truck, a truck frame formed of a plurality ,of elements removably connected together, said elements being disconnectible in.predeterniined sequence, and a king-bndt adapted to control the commencement of the successive disconnecting operations. 1

7. In a car truck, a truck frame formed ofa necte together, said elements being 'netible in predetermined sequence, and a lurality of elements removabl conisconking bolt, said bolt in normal position preventing disconnecting action, an axial moveiii'eilt of the bolt in a direction to remove it-j-perniittingcommencement of the successive disconnecting operations.

8. A car truck, comprising s1de frames,

a transom connecting said side frames, a bolster mounted in and removably connected said transom, and a king-bolt adapted to prevent removal ofthe bolster.

' 9; A car truck, comprising side ham: 3, a transom removably connecting said ide frames, a bolster mounted in and remove )ly connected to' said transom," said bolster controlling .the disconnection of the transom andside. frames, and a king-bolt adapted to control the removal of the bolster.

101A car truck, comprising side frames, a transom removably connected to said side frames, a bolster mounted in and removably connected to said transom, said bolster the disconnection of transom and-side rames andadapted to conceal the connections for the transom and side frames, and. a king-bolt adapted to control the re- 'moval ofthebolster.

11. A car truck, comprising side frames,

' a transom "supported. by said frames and removably connected thereto by a key connection, a'bolster'mounted in said transom and adapted to. prevent disconnecting .operationof said-key connection, said. bolster having, akey connection with the transom to permit jremoval' thereof, and removable means adapted ..'to.'c'ont-rol theoperation of said latter keyaconnectio'n. .12.',A car truck, comprising side frames, a transom supported by said frames and removably connected thereto by a key connection,-a bblster mounted in said transom and adapted to prevent'disc'onnecting operation bfsaid'key connection, said bolster hava' ke'y' connection'with the transom to removal thereof, and a king bolt athted to control the operation of said lat 'ter Key connection; 131* In' combinat-ion with an integral sid frame for' ear trucks havingan' I-b'eam end with a transverse openingspaced from' the extremityof the end, a journal box adapted for 'insert-ion through the opening and ,hav- 1 ling channel bar flanges at its sides adaptingtlie web'and the flanges of the I-beam,

and'j rivets! engaging through the" channel bar flanges of thebox and the .web andt-he flangesfofthe frame to hold thejournal box bar configuration on its opposite sides adapted to fit into one side ofthe I-beam, the journal portions of the box flanges engaging the web of the I-beam while the horizontal portions of the hox'flanges engage the inner faces of the flanges of said beam, and rivets passing through said box flanges and said I-beam to hold thejournal box in position. v

15. In a car truck, a transom, a side frame, interacting elements removably connecting the frame to the transom, and a gravity held device for locking the elements in position.

16. In a car 'truclr,a' side frame, a transom,

and means for removably connecting-said i means adapted to removablyjsecure said pro-.

jection and transom together.

18. Inacar truck, a side frame, a transom, said side frame havin a permanent projection extending Withlli the transom, and means adapted to 'removably secure said pro- .jection and transom together, said means normally preventing a withdrawal movementof the projection.

19. In a car truck, a side frame, a transom, said side frame having a permanent projection adapted to extend into the transom, and a key for removably securing the projection and transom together. I

20. In a car truck, a side frame, a transom,

said side frame having a permanent projection adapted to extend into the transom, and

a key for removably securing the projection and transom together, said key normally preventing a withdrawal movement of the I projection. p

21. In a car truck, a s1de frame, a transom, said side frame having a permanent pro ection adapted to extend into-the transom, and

a key for removably securing the projection and transom together, said key normally preventing a withdrawal movement of the "projection andpermitting aslight relative rocking movement? oftransom and side frame.

22. In a car truck, aside frame having permanent projection on its inner face, said projection'having a radial opening, a transom having a-member adaptedto receive said projection, said member having a recess. 7 adapted tosubstantially aline withthe opening of .the projection, and a .key removably seated in said opening and recess for normally preventing a withdrawing movement of the projection; 23. Ina car truck, a side frame substan-- tially imperforate-at' and in proximity to its longitudinal center and-having aperma- 1o permanent pro ection on its inner face, said projection having an axial recess, a transom having 'a member adapted to receive said projection, said projection and member having complemental cavities lea-ding radially from said. axial, recess, and a key, normally .seatedin said.v cavities and normally retain ing said projection against withdrawal, said key being projectable into said recess to permit such Wllhtll'tli'ifil movement.

In a car truck, a side frame having a permanent pro ection on its inner face, said projection having an axial recess, a transom .ing complemdntal CH'X TltlQS- leading radially from said axial recess, and a key normally havinga inieinber adapted to receive said pro ection,-,said pro ection and member havsea ted,. ii,; j said cavities and normally retainlng said projection againstivithdrawal, said hey being pro ectable' into said recess to permit such iv'itl'idraival movement, and removable means for, preventing the pro ecting in'ovement of the key.

In a car truck, a side'frame having a permanent pro ection on its inner face, said projectionhavingan axial recess, a transom having a .lDQIBlDGI adapted to receive said projection", said projection and member hav- ..ing complemental cavities leading radially from-"said axial recess, a key normally seated in said cavities and normally retaining said l i I I I re ection againstrivitlidrawal, said key i,)'-

ro-j tableinto'said recess to erniit sad in key.

,sai'd "projection, said projection and member ed 'to normally prevent Wltlld IWllOf said having complemental cavities leading radially from said axial recess, a key n01 mally'seatcd in said cavities and normally 'lGCElVG "said retainingsaid projection against Withdraival, said hey being projectable into said recess to permit such Withdrawal movement, reniovable means for. preventing the projecting nioyenient of the key, and; bolster supported'by the transom and adaptmeans.

28. In a car'truck, a side'frame having a permanent pro ection on its nnernfacesaid" raw-a1 movement, and'a p ng removably seated in said axlal recess for pre venting the pro ecting movements of the j 27. In acartruck, a side frame having a permanent" pro ection on its'inner'facmsaid. 50

projection having an axial-recess, .a tram soin having a member adapted to receive said projection, said projection and member having complemental cavities leading radially from said axial recess, a key normally seated in said cavities and normally retaining said project-ion against With-- drawal, said key being projectable'into said recess to permit such Withdrawalmovement, a plug removably seated in said axial recess for preventing the projecting movements of'the key, and a bolster supported by said transom and adapted to normally prevent axial movement of the plug to remove it from its recess. i

29. In a car truck, a side frame having a permanent projection on its inner face, said projection having an axial recess, a transom having a member adapted to'receive said projection, said projection and member having complemental cavities leading I:- dially from said axial recess, a key normally seated in said cavities and normally retaining said projection Elgfill'lSt.Wll-lIClIttWfll, said hey being pi'ojectable into said recess to permit such Withdrawal movement, a plug reniovably seated in said axial recess for preventing the projecting movenients'of thekey, and a bolster supported by said-transom and adapted to normally prevent axial movement of the plug to remove itfrom its recess, said plug and the transom normally concealing the key.

30. In a car truck, a side frame having its upper and lower edges formed with inturncd flanges and having areinforcingmember atthe longitudinal center of its Web, transom, said member having its inner face substantially flush with said fianges'and also having a projection adapted to extend into the transom, said transom having a member-adapted to receive said projection, and

-.reinovable means for normally securing the projection and transom member againsta withdrawal movement of the projection 31. In a car truck, aside frame having its upper and lower edges formed with iiiti'irned flanges and having a reinforcing member at the longitudinal center of its iveb ,-'a transom,-said member having its inner face substantially flush with said flanges and of a con figuration approximating that.- of the end of the transonnand also having a projec tion adapted to extend into the transom, aid transom having a member adapt-ed to projection. and removable means fornormally securing the projection and transom member againsta withdrawal movement of the projection, V

n a car truck, a rsidc fraii'ie a transom. said side frame having a projection on its inner face, saidtransom having a member adapted to receive said projection, said member'and projectionbeing of abstantially eg al axial length. irhereby ner end of the projection will lie substantially flush with the inner face of the member when the parts are assembled, and removable means for securing the projection and member against withdrawal o'f the proection.

In a car truck, a side frame, a tranmember against withdrawal of the project-ion, and a bolster supported by the transom and having a face in close proximity to the inner face of the transom member.

34. In a car truck. a side frame,.a transom, said side frame having a projection on its inner face, said transom having a member adapted to receive said projection, said member and projection being of substantially equal axial length whereby the inner end of the projection will lie substantially flush with the inner face of the member when the parts are assembled, and a removable key for securing the projection and member against withdrawal of the projection. 1 I

35. In a car truck, a side frame, a transom, said side frame having a projection on its inner face, said transomhaving a member adapted to receive said projection, said member and projection being'of substantially equal axial lengthwhereby the inner end of thelprcjection will lie substantially flush with the inner face of the member when the parts are assembled, a removable key for securing the projection and member against withdrawal of the projection, means for retaining the key in normal position, said means having a reduced end adapted to project inwardly beyond the inner face of said transom member, and bolster having a wall in close proximity to said inner face of the transom member and formed to straddle said reduced end, said well being adapted to normally prevent I movement of said means in a direction to securing the projection and member against withdrawal of the projection, means carried by and extendingwithin said pro ection for retaining the keyin';v normal position, said meanshaving a reduced end adapted to project inwardly beyond the in' ner face of said transom member, and a bolster having a wall in close proximity to said inner face ofthe-tra'nsom member and fat'ormed tostraddle said-reduced end, said Well being adapted .to normally prevent their ends, a bolster adapted to extend into V the spacebetween said members, said members and the bolster each having a trans-" go verse opening intermediate their ends,, sa;id openings being in alinement when the i' pfarts are assembled, a key adapted to extend; through said openings to retain the bolster against" removal, and means for normally retaining the key against removal.

38. In a car truck, a transom having spaced apart members connected together at their ends, abolster adapted to extend into the space between. said members, said members and the bolster each having a transverse opening intermediate their ends, said openings being in alinement when the parts are assembled, a key adapted-to extend through said openings to retain the bolster-against removal, and a king bolt for normally retaining the key against removal. 39. In a car truck, a transom haying spaced the spacebetween said members, said members and the bolster each having a trans verse opening intermediate their ends, said openings being in alin'ement' when the parts are assembled, a key adapted to extend through said openings to retain the bolster against removal', said key having an opening transverse to the opening of the bolster, and a king-bolt insertibleinto the bolster and through said key opening, whereby said key will be normally prevented against re moval.-

40. In a car truck, a transom having spaced apart members connected together at their ends, a bolster adapted to extend into the space between said members/said members and the bolster each having a transverse opening intermediate their ends, said openings being in alinement when the ster being of greater width than the openings of the members, a key adapted toextend through said openings to retain the bolster against removal, and means for normallyretaining the key against removal.

41. In a car truck, aside frame, a transom, said side frame and transom having inter fitting parts, a single element engaging said parts/and adapted to interlock the same, and

apartvmembers connected together at their ends, a bolster adapted to extend into 1 parts are 'assembled,-the opening of the 1101- ar'etaming member carried by said parts was er.

and engaging said element to hold the same in position and adapted to inclose and conceal the same. 1

42. In a car truck, a transom, a side frame having a projection fitting into the transom,

a key carried in the progection and engaging loosely into the transom for holding the frame to the transom and admitting of the rocking of the frame thereon and a retaining member in the projechion bearing same in position.

43. In a car truck, a transom, a side frame interfitting with the transom, and a key carriedby the frame and loosely engaging the transom forbonnecting said frame and transom together, said hey being inclosed by the interfitting portions of the frame and the transom.

44. A side frame for car trucks comprising a flanged beam having a transverse opeiiing in its web spaced from the end of the beam, a journal box adapted to be inserted through said opening,-said box hav against the key to 'inclose and retain the r ing flangeson its opposite sides adapted to abut said Web to limit the inserting move ment of the box, and members secured to said beam flanges and positioned to retain saidbox flanges in contact Withthc Web.

45. A side frame for car trucks comprising a flanged beam having a transverse opening'in its web spaced from the end of the beam, 21 journal box adapted to be in serted through said opening, said box hat" ing flanges on its opposite sides adapted to abut said web to limit the inserting move ment of the box, members secured to said. beam flanges and positioned to retain said box flanges in Contact with the Web, rein- 4a forcing members secured to the beam in opposition to the box flanges, and means extending through the box flanges, the Web and the. reinforcing members for securing them together.

-4,-6.I,n car truck, side frames, Wheels supported at the ends of the side frames, a transom connecting the side frames and having horizontal supports across its lower. edges inwardly of the vertical planes of the Wheels, vertical-springs in the transom on the supports, and a bolster engaging the up.-

per ends ot' the springs and having an inciosing structure extending into the transom and housing the upper ends and sides of the springs and engaging snugiy against the edges of said horizontal supports when sup-' porting the weight of a car.

4-7. In a car truck, side frames, a transom connecting the frames, springs in the 0pposite ends of the transom, and a bolster engaging in the np'per side of the transon'i and having pockets in its underside receiving the springs to conipietely cover the same.

In a car truck, a pair of frames, a transom eoi' nectin the frames, means for removabiy connecting the frames to the transom and a gravity held king-pin mounted in the transom and adapted to interlock 

